Scrum
A short, repeating cycle where a small team builds a piece of the product and checks in often.
Source: The Scrum Guide, November 2020 edition (Schwaber & Sutherland).
Role
- Product Owner
- One person decides what to build next and keeps the backlog ordered.
Crosswalk: 5.3 - Scrum Master
- One person coaches the team and removes obstacles to its work.
Crosswalk: 9.5 - Developers
- The people who build the product and decide together how the work gets done.
Crosswalk: 9.4
Event
- Sprint
- A short, fixed cycle in which the team builds a usable slice of the product.
Crosswalk: 6.5, Rolling Wave Planning - Sprint Planning
- At the start of each cycle, the team agrees what it will build and roughly how.
Crosswalk: 6.5, Agile Release PlanningRunning it well:
- The top of the Product Backlog is already refined enough to plan against before the meeting starts, not discovered during it.
- The Developers, not the Product Owner or Scrum Master, decide how much work they can take on.
Going wrong looks like:
- The amount of work chosen is set by hope or by pressure from outside the team rather than by what the team has actually finished in past Sprints.
- The meeting turns into re-arguing priorities the Product Owner already settled by ordering the backlog.
- Daily Scrum
- A short daily check-in where the team adjusts its plan for the next day's work.
Crosswalk: MeetingsRunning it well:
- It stays inside its timebox and focuses on adjusting the plan for the next day's work, not reporting status.
- Only the Developers need to run it; anyone else present listens.
Going wrong looks like:
- It becomes a status report delivered to the Scrum Master or a manager instead of the Developers planning among themselves.
- It regularly runs long because it drifts into solving problems that belong in a smaller side conversation.
- Sprint Review
- At the end of each cycle, the team shows finished work and gathers feedback.
Crosswalk: 10.2, MeetingsRunning it well:
- What gets shown is working product, not a slide deck describing it.
- Stakeholders are actually present and their feedback changes what goes on the backlog next.
Going wrong looks like:
- The review becomes a rubber stamp because nothing shown is genuinely usable yet.
- Feedback is collected but never makes it back onto the Product Backlog.
- Sprint Retrospective
- After each cycle, the team looks back at how it worked and picks one thing to improve.
Crosswalk: 8.2, MeetingsRunning it well:
- The team leaves with one concrete change it will actually make, not a long list of observations.
- The chosen change is visibly carried into the next Sprint's plan.
Going wrong looks like:
- The same complaints resurface every retrospective because nothing chosen in a prior one was ever followed through.
- It turns into blame directed at individuals rather than at the way the work is organized.
Artifact
- Product Backlog
- The single ordered list of everything that might still be needed in the product.
Crosswalk: 5.4, Decomposition - Sprint Backlog
- The slice of work the team picked for this cycle, plus its plan to finish it.
Crosswalk: 6.2 - Increment
- The working piece of product a cycle adds on top of everything built before it.
Crosswalk: 4.3
Policy
- Product Goal
- The backlog's long-term objective, describing the future state the product is aiming for.
Crosswalk: 4.1 - Sprint Goal
- The single purpose the cycle's chosen work is meant to achieve together.
Crosswalk: 6.5 - Definition of Done
- The shared rule the team uses to agree when a piece of work is truly finished.
Crosswalk: 8.1Running it well:
- It is written down somewhere the whole team can see, and it applies the same way to every item.
- It only grows stricter over time as the team learns what completeness actually requires.
Going wrong looks like:
- It gets quietly loosened for one item near a deadline so the burndown looks better than the work really is.
- Different people on the team believe different things count as done.
- Self-Management
- The team decides among itself who does each piece of work and how.
Crosswalk: 9.4 - Scrum Values
- Five shared values — commitment, focus, openness, respect and courage — guide the team.
Crosswalk: Ground Rules
Sprint Planning Agenda
- Restate the Sprint Goal candidate and check it against the Product Goal.
- Walk the top of the Product Backlog and confirm each item is ready to pull.
- The Developers select the work they believe they can finish this Sprint.
- Break selected items into a plan of concrete tasks for the Sprint Backlog.
- Confirm the Definition of Done applies unchanged, or note any exceptions.
- Restate the finished Sprint Goal and the Sprint Backlog back to the room.
Definition of Done Checklist
- Code (or equivalent work product) is complete and reviewed by someone else.
- Automated checks relevant to the change pass.
- The result is integrated with the rest of the product, not sitting apart.
- Any documentation the change requires has been updated.
- The Product Owner has seen it and agrees it meets the Sprint Goal's intent.